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[content] => [**]pplication of ozone in agricultural planting (soil matrix, nutrient solution, seeds, seedlings in the shed)
Ozone (chemical formula O3), also known as triatomic oxygen, is named because of its fishy smell. The chemical properties of ozone are extremely active. Its energy when free instantly produces a strong oxidizing effect. It is a highly effective disinfectant and has a strong killing power against microorganisms such as bacteria, pathogens, fungi, mold spores, and viruses. It can quickly kill bacteria and viruses, and the sterilization speed is 300-600 times that of chlorine and 3000 times that of ultraviolet rays. Ozone is a diffuse gas, and there is no dead corner for disinfection, so the disinfection and sterilization effect is good. Excess ozone can be quickly decomposed into oxygen, so there is no secondary pollution problem.
![[**]pplication-of-ozone-generator-in-agricultural](res/202409/05/768b2c91b061919b.jpg "[**]pplication-of-ozone-generator-in-agricultural")
1. Ozone sterilization mechanism
1) Ozone sterilization mechanism destroys the structure of microbial membranes by oxidation to achieve sterilization. Ozone first acts on the cell membrane, damaging the components of the membrane and causing metabolic disorders. Ozone continues to penetrate the membrane and destroys the lipoproteins and lipopolysaccharides in the membrane, changing the permeability of the cell, causing cell lysis and death.
2) The mechanism of ozone inactivation of viruses is to directly destroy its ribonucleic acid RN[**] or deoxyribonucleic acid DN[**] substances through oxidation. The sterilization of ozone water is somewhat different. There are two types of oxidation reactions. Microbial cells react directly with ozone in dissolved water and indirectly with hydroxyl OH generated by ozone decomposition. Since hydroxyl OH is a highly oxidizing oxidant, the sterilization speed of ozone water is extremely fast.
![[**]pplication-of-ozone-generator-in-agricultural-planting](res/202409/05/62b55b261b308f8c.jpg "[**]pplication-of-ozone-generator-in-agricultural-planting")
2. Use ozone to disinfect the air in the facility environment
Whether it is a planting or breeding facility environment, clean and sterile air is required to eliminate the spread and harm of pathogens. Using ozone to disinfect the air in the facility environment has the following advantages:
1) High efficiency. When the ozone generator is working, it produces a certain amount of ozone. In a relatively closed environment, it diffuses evenly and has good tolerance. It overcomes the inherent shortcomings of many dead corners in ultraviolet sterilization and can achieve the purpose of all-round, fast and efficient disinfection and sterilization. In addition, the broad-spectrum sterilization performance of ozone can kill a variety of viruses such as bacterial propagules, spores, fungi and protozoan cells, and can also destroy botulinum toxins and Rickettsia, etc. It also has a strong function of removing organic odors such as mold and odor.
2) High cleanliness. The characteristic of ozone to quickly decompose into oxygen naturally after killing microorganisms is the unique advantage of ozone as a disinfectant. During the oxidation sterilization process of ozone, the excess oxygen atoms [O] combine into oxygen molecules [O2] after 30 to 50 minutes, and there is no toxic residue, which not only solves the problem of secondary pollution, but also saves the need for re-cleaning after the disinfection is completed.
Simple operation During sterilization, the outlet pipe of the ozone generator is directly introduced into the facility environment or the central ventilation system. [**]ccording to the verified sterilization time, set the timer switch to turn on the machine. It is very convenient to operate and the operating cost is also low. If you want to increase the concentration of ozone, you can use plastic to divide a larger space into smaller spaces for disinfection, or use a high-power ozone machine.
3. Disinfection of soil matrix with ozone
![[**]pplication-of-ozone-generator-in-agricultural-1](res/202409/05/f95589005189362d.jpg "[**]pplication-of-ozone-generator-in-agricultural-1")
Disinfection is an effective method to prevent and control land diseases, which can effectively solve the problem of continuous cropping of crops and significantly improve the yield and quality of crops. The current soil disinfection technology mainly includes physical disinfection and chemical disinfection. Physical disinfection includes solar disinfection technology, steam disinfection technology, hot water disinfection technology, electric disinfection technology, etc. Solar disinfection technology is limited by the natural environment, while hot water disinfection, steam disinfection and electric disinfection technology have high operating costs and low efficiency; chemical disinfection technology refers to injecting chemical reagents such as chloropicrin and methyl bromide into the soil for soil fumigation. The chemical reagents used in chemical disinfection are polluting to the environment and are easy to remain in the soil, causing lasting harm to human health and the natural ecological environment. Ozone disinfection and sterilization of soil is to dissolve ozone gas in water to make high-concentration ozone water, and irrigate it into the soil. The sterilization is thorough, residue-free, and broad-spectrum, and can kill bacterial propagules and spores, viruses, fungi, etc. Using ozone water to disinfect greenhouse soil can effectively protect and control the occurrence of soil-borne diseases and obtain real green vegetables. Ozone is very easy to decompose into oxygen or single oxygen atoms whether in gas state or dissolved in water. Therefore, after the disinfection is completed, the excess ozone will be completely decomposed within a few hours. There is no toxic residue and no secondary pollution to the environment. Therefore, ozone is called "ideal green disinfectant".
4. Disinfection of nutrient solution for soilless cultivation
Because soilless cultivation is separated from the soil and the environment is clean, the occurrence of diseases is generally lighter than that of traditional soil cultivation. However, in order to save water and fertilizer and reduce environmental pollution, the nutrient solution of soilless cultivation is often recycled. Therefore, once soilless crops are infected by pathogens, the pathogens will spread rapidly in the crops with the circulation of the nutrient solution, which will eventually lead to the collapse of the entire soilless cultivation system. [**]t the same time, the environment of soilless cultivation is often high temperature and high humidity, the nutrient solution conditions are good, and the crops are single, which is conducive to the growth of certain pathogens. Therefore, the soilless cultivation nutrient solution must be disinfected before it can be recycled for a long time. Ozone has a strong oxidizing effect and can efficiently kill pathogenic microorganisms in the nutrient solution. It has a good killing effect on bacteria, fungi and viruses in the nutrient solution. The bactericidal effect of ozone is almost completed instantly. The contact time of ozone with a concentration of 0.5PPM is within 2min, and the killing rate of cucumber wilt pathogens and tomato disease pathogens in the nutrient solution reaches 97%, and the killing rate of crucifer soft rot reaches most. Unlike chemical sterilization, the use of ozone sterilization will not make pathogens resistant. [**]t the same time, the remaining ozone after sterilization will quickly decompose and disappear due to its unstable nature, and will not cause secondary pollution to the environment. Ozone disinfection of nutrient solution is usually designed to be carried out in the nutrient solution storage tank of the cultivation system. The nutrient solution is disinfected after ozone is introduced into the reservoir. The disinfected nutrient solution is pumped back to the planting tank using the cultivation system's own nutrient solution circulation system, and the unsterilized nutrient solution is added to the reservoir for disinfection, and finally the disinfection of all nutrient solutions is completed. Since high-concentration ozone water can damage the root system of crops, the nutrient solution disinfected by ozone needs to be harmlessly treated or placed for a certain period of time before use.
5. Use ozone to disinfect seeds
The seeds purchased from the market are likely to contain viruses, bacteria and insect eggs. Ozone gas can be introduced into clean water. Generally, ozone solution, commonly known as ozone water, can be obtained by passing ozone for 10 minutes. Pour the seeds into it and soak for 15 to 20 minutes to kill viruses and eggs on the surface of the seeds.
6. Ozone replaces pesticides to control plant pests and viruses in the environment of facilities
For example, regularly spraying ozone water on the seedlings in the greenhouse can kill pests, insect eggs, viruses, etc. on the surface and rhizomes of vegetables. The spraying interval should not affect pollination during flowering. Ozone gas can be used for greenhouse plants to effectively prevent and treat downy mildew, gray mold, etc. of tomatoes, melons, and cucumbers in the greenhouse, and can remove mold and aphids from eggplants, mushrooms, potted flowers, etc., and also promote growth.
7. Use ozone to extend the shelf life of vegetables and fruits
Ozone can effectively solve the problems of rotting, hair growth, and soft ripening during storage of vegetables and fruits. [**]fter washing the vegetables in ozone water, they are wrapped in plastic wrap to extend the storage time. On the basis of the existing mechanical cold storage, the ozone preservation system and the matching cold storage humidification device can successfully solve a series of storage and preservation problems of vegetables and fruits.
8. Conclusion
Using ozone as a method of disinfection and sterilization is the direction of green development of facility agriculture, and is gradually being recognized by people. I believe that in the near future, with the advancement of science and technology, it will be used as a green pesticide to enter all links of facility agricultural production for disinfection and sterilization, reduce the use of chemical pesticides, and make agricultural products safer and more environmentally friendly. However, ozone is also a gas that is harmful to the human body, so you must pay attention to safety when using it. When using ozone gas as a disinfectant, you must ventilate for more than 20 minutes, and only enter the disinfection environment after the fishy smell disappears. When using ozone water to wash vegetables and fruits, you must wait for more than 10 minutes before eating.
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[**]pplication of ozone in agricultural planting (soil matrix, nutrient solution, seeds, seedlings in the shed)
Ozone (chemical formula O3), also known as triatomic oxygen, is named because of its fishy smell. The chemical properties of ozone are extremely active. Its energy when free instantly produces a strong oxidizing effect. It is a highly effective disinfectant and has a strong killing power against microorganisms such as bacteria, pathogens, fungi, mold spores, and viruses. It can quickly kill bacteria and viruses, and the sterilization speed is 300-600 times that of chlorine and 3000 times that of ultraviolet rays. Ozone is a diffuse gas, and there is no dead corner for disinfection, so the disinfection and sterilization effect is good. Excess ozone can be quickly decomposed into oxygen, so there is no secondary pollution problem.
1. Ozone sterilization mechanism
1) Ozone sterilization mechanism destroys the structure of microbial membranes by oxidation to achieve sterilization. Ozone first acts on the cell membrane, damaging the components of the membrane and causing metabolic disorders. Ozone continues to penetrate the membrane and destroys the lipoproteins and lipopolysaccharides in the membrane, changing the permeability of the cell, causing cell lysis and death.
2) The mechanism of ozone inactivation of viruses is to directly destroy its ribonucleic acid RN[**] or deoxyribonucleic acid DN[**] substances through oxidation. The sterilization of ozone water is somewhat different. There are two types of oxidation reactions. Microbial cells react directly with ozone in dissolved water and indirectly with hydroxyl OH generated by ozone decomposition. Since hydroxyl OH is a highly oxidizing oxidant, the sterilization speed of ozone water is extremely fast.
2. Use ozone to disinfect the air in the facility environment
Whether it is a planting or breeding facility environment, clean and sterile air is required to eliminate the spread and harm of pathogens. Using ozone to disinfect the air in the facility environment has the following advantages:
1) High efficiency. When the ozone generator is working, it produces a certain amount of ozone. In a relatively closed environment, it diffuses evenly and has good tolerance. It overcomes the inherent shortcomings of many dead corners in ultraviolet sterilization and can achieve the purpose of all-round, fast and efficient disinfection and sterilization. In addition, the broad-spectrum sterilization performance of ozone can kill a variety of viruses such as bacterial propagules, spores, fungi and protozoan cells, and can also destroy botulinum toxins and Rickettsia, etc. It also has a strong function of removing organic odors such as mold and odor.
2) High cleanliness. The characteristic of ozone to quickly decompose into oxygen naturally after killing microorganisms is the unique advantage of ozone as a disinfectant. During the oxidation sterilization process of ozone, the excess oxygen atoms [O] combine into oxygen molecules [O2] after 30 to 50 minutes, and there is no toxic residue, which not only solves the problem of secondary pollution, but also saves the need for re-cleaning after the disinfection is completed.
Simple operation During sterilization, the outlet pipe of the ozone generator is directly introduced into the facility environment or the central ventilation system. [**]ccording to the verified sterilization time, set the timer switch to turn on the machine. It is very convenient to operate and the operating cost is also low. If you want to increase the concentration of ozone, you can use plastic to divide a larger space into smaller spaces for disinfection, or use a high-power ozone machine.
3. Disinfection of soil matrix with ozone
Disinfection is an effective method to prevent and control land diseases, which can effectively solve the problem of continuous cropping of crops and significantly improve the yield and quality of crops. The current soil disinfection technology mainly includes physical disinfection and chemical disinfection. Physical disinfection includes solar disinfection technology, steam disinfection technology, hot water disinfection technology, electric disinfection technology, etc. Solar disinfection technology is limited by the natural environment, while hot water disinfection, steam disinfection and electric disinfection technology have high operating costs and low efficiency; chemical disinfection technology refers to injecting chemical reagents such as chloropicrin and methyl bromide into the soil for soil fumigation. The chemical reagents used in chemical disinfection are polluting to the environment and are easy to remain in the soil, causing lasting harm to human health and the natural ecological environment. Ozone disinfection and sterilization of soil is to dissolve ozone gas in water to make high-concentration ozone water, and irrigate it into the soil. The sterilization is thorough, residue-free, and broad-spectrum, and can kill bacterial propagules and spores, viruses, fungi, etc. Using ozone water to disinfect greenhouse soil can effectively protect and control the occurrence of soil-borne diseases and obtain real green vegetables. Ozone is very easy to decompose into oxygen or single oxygen atoms whether in gas state or dissolved in water. Therefore, after the disinfection is completed, the excess ozone will be completely decomposed within a few hours. There is no toxic residue and no secondary pollution to the environment. Therefore, ozone is called "ideal green disinfectant".
4. Disinfection of nutrient solution for soilless cultivation
Because soilless cultivation is separated from the soil and the environment is clean, the occurrence of diseases is generally lighter than that of traditional soil cultivation. However, in order to save water and fertilizer and reduce environmental pollution, the nutrient solution of soilless cultivation is often recycled. Therefore, once soilless crops are infected by pathogens, the pathogens will spread rapidly in the crops with the circulation of the nutrient solution, which will eventually lead to the collapse of the entire soilless cultivation system. [**]t the same time, the environment of soilless cultivation is often high temperature and high humidity, the nutrient solution conditions are good, and the crops are single, which is conducive to the growth of certain pathogens. Therefore, the soilless cultivation nutrient solution must be disinfected before it can be recycled for a long time. Ozone has a strong oxidizing effect and can efficiently kill pathogenic microorganisms in the nutrient solution. It has a good killing effect on bacteria, fungi and viruses in the nutrient solution. The bactericidal effect of ozone is almost completed instantly. The contact time of ozone with a concentration of 0.5PPM is within 2min, and the killing rate of cucumber wilt pathogens and tomato disease pathogens in the nutrient solution reaches 97%, and the killing rate of crucifer soft rot reaches most. Unlike chemical sterilization, the use of ozone sterilization will not make pathogens resistant. [**]t the same time, the remaining ozone after sterilization will quickly decompose and disappear due to its unstable nature, and will not cause secondary pollution to the environment. Ozone disinfection of nutrient solution is usually designed to be carried out in the nutrient solution storage tank of the cultivation system. The nutrient solution is disinfected after ozone is introduced into the reservoir. The disinfected nutrient solution is pumped back to the planting tank using the cultivation system's own nutrient solution circulation system, and the unsterilized nutrient solution is added to the reservoir for disinfection, and finally the disinfection of all nutrient solutions is completed. Since high-concentration ozone water can damage the root system of crops, the nutrient solution disinfected by ozone needs to be harmlessly treated or placed for a certain period of time before use.
5. Use ozone to disinfect seeds
The seeds purchased from the market are likely to contain viruses, bacteria and insect eggs. Ozone gas can be introduced into clean water. Generally, ozone solution, commonly known as ozone water, can be obtained by passing ozone for 10 minutes. Pour the seeds into it and soak for 15 to 20 minutes to kill viruses and eggs on the surface of the seeds.
6. Ozone replaces pesticides to control plant pests and viruses in the environment of facilities
For example, regularly spraying ozone water on the seedlings in the greenhouse can kill pests, insect eggs, viruses, etc. on the surface and rhizomes of vegetables. The spraying interval should not affect pollination during flowering. Ozone gas can be used for greenhouse plants to effectively prevent and treat downy mildew, gray mold, etc. of tomatoes, melons, and cucumbers in the greenhouse, and can remove mold and aphids from eggplants, mushrooms, potted flowers, etc., and also promote growth.
7. Use ozone to extend the shelf life of vegetables and fruits
Ozone can effectively solve the problems of rotting, hair growth, and soft ripening during storage of vegetables and fruits. [**]fter washing the vegetables in ozone water, they are wrapped in plastic wrap to extend the storage time. On the basis of the existing mechanical cold storage, the ozone preservation system and the matching cold storage humidification device can successfully solve a series of storage and preservation problems of vegetables and fruits.
8. Conclusion
Using ozone as a method of disinfection and sterilization is the direction of green development of facility agriculture, and is gradually being recognized by people. I believe that in the near future, with the advancement of science and technology, it will be used as a green pesticide to enter all links of facility agricultural production for disinfection and sterilization, reduce the use of chemical pesticides, and make agricultural products safer and more environmentally friendly. However, ozone is also a gas that is harmful to the human body, so you must pay attention to safety when using it. When using ozone gas as a disinfectant, you must ventilate for more than 20 minutes, and only enter the disinfection environment after the fishy smell disappears. When using ozone water to wash vegetables and fruits, you must wait for more than 10 minutes before eating.
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